Contingency and Conflict. Kingdon’s Multi-Stream Model and the Case of Baladi Bread Subsidies in Egypt

Abstract

Analyzing public policies requires a double modeling effort, both at the level of public
policy processes, and the actors involved, their relationships, rules and resources at stake. However,
in the social development of its different theories, sequential models or others (excessively) focused
on decision-makers, institutions or the political regime have prevailed, which made it difficult to
understand more dynamically the process of public policy formation. This research note aims at
rescuing the contributions of John Kingdon (1995), based on the analysis of the system of subsidies
for bread in Egypt in the context of the 2014-2016 critical juncture. This approach will allow us
not only to illuminate central aspects of the case under analysis.